The chapter connects Sapta Sindhava with the northwest, not the whole geography of modern India. Sindhu refers to the Indus River and can also mean a river more generally in the text’s usage. Reading the location prevents us from giving an old word an area it did not necessarily describe.

People speaking other languages adapted names they heard for this region. Later names connected with Sindhu include Persian forms and Greek forms discussed in the chapter. The changes happened through contacts over time, not because everyone suddenly agreed to replace one word.

The chapter connects Sindhu with ancient Persian forms such as Hind or Hindu, and Greek forms such as Indoi or Indike. Later forms include Latin and English India and French Inde. This is a simplified history of language contacts, not a one-to-one translation rule for every word.

In the ancient Persian context discussed here, Hindu is geographical: it refers to the region associated with the Indus. It is not being used as the modern religious label. Hindustan is another Persian-origin historical name; its extent and usage varied with time.