AI Pipeline Automates Process Diagram Engineering from PFD to P&ID.

The manual creation and transformation of Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) into Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) in engineering is a time-consuming and costly process. This research presents P&ID Pilot, a novel, practical end-to-end AI pipeline designed to automate both stages of flowsheet development. The first stage, PFD synthesis, utilizes a hybrid approach combining genetic algorithms (GA) with large language models (LLMs) to generate optimal and valid PFD topologies, minimizing loss and adhering to engineering rules. For the second stage, an LLM-based agent successfully transforms these PFDs into source-grounded P&IDs. This agent produces validated, executable modifications through a restricted engineering software development kit, achieving perfect execution success and maintaining compliance with domain-specific rules and reference graph structures, significantly reducing manual engineering effort.