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NCERT Class 12 Notes

Chapter-wise notes and mind maps for every subject, written from the NCERT textbooks.

Maths

  1. Relations and Functions
  2. Inverse Trigonometric Functions
  3. Matrices
  4. Determinants
  5. Continuity and Differentiability
  6. Application of Derivatives
  7. Integrals
  8. Application of Integrals
  9. Differential Equations
  10. Vector Algebra
  11. Three Dimensional Geometry
  12. Linear Programming
  13. Probability

English

  1. I Sell my Dreams
  2. Eveline
  3. A Wedding in Brownsville
  4. Tomorrow
  5. One Centimetre
  6. A Lecture Upon the Shadow
  7. Poems by Milton
  8. Poems by Blake
  9. Kubla Khan or, A Vision in a Dream: A Fragment
  10. Trees
  11. The Wild Swans at Coole
  12. Time and Time Again
  13. Freedom
  14. The Mark on the Wall
  15. Film-making
  16. Why the Novel Matters
  17. The Argumentative Indian
  18. Chandalika
  19. Broken Images
  20. Blood
  21. On Science Fiction
  22. The Last Lesson
  23. Lost Spring: Stories of Stolen Childhood
  24. Deep Water
  25. The Rattrap
  26. Indigo
  27. Poets and Pancakes
  28. The Interview
  29. Going Places
  30. My Mother at Sixty-six
  31. Keeping Quiet
  32. A Thing of Beauty
  33. A Roadside Stand
  34. Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers
  35. The Third Level
  36. The Tiger King
  37. Journey to the End of the Earth
  38. The Enemy
  39. On the Face of It
  40. Memories of Childhood

Hindi

  1. देवसेना का गीत और कार्नेलिया का गीत — जयशंकर प्रसाद
  2. सरोज स्मृति — सूर्यकांत त्रिपाठी ‘निराला’
  3. यह दीप अकेला और मैंने देखा एक बूँद — अज्ञेय
  4. बनारस और दिशा — केदारनाथ सिंह
  5. वसंत आया और तोड़ो — रघुवीर सहाय
  6. भरत-राम का प्रेम और पद — तुलसीदास
  7. बारहमासा — मलिक मुहम्मद जायसी
  8. पद — विद्यापति
  9. कवित्त — घनानंद
  10. प्रेमघन की छाया-स्मृति — रामचंद्र शुक्ल
  11. सुमिरिनी के मनके — चंद्रधर शर्मा गुलेरी
  12. संवदिया — फणीश्वरनाथ रेणु
  13. गांधी, नेहरू और यास्सेर अराफ़ात — भीष्म साहनी
  14. शेर, पहचान, चार हाथ और साझा — असगर वजाहत
  15. जहाँ कोई वापसी नहीं — निर्मल वर्मा
  16. दूसरा देवदास — ममता कालिया
  17. कुटज — हजारी प्रसाद द्विवेदी
  18. सूरदास की झोंपड़ी
  19. बिस्कोहर की माटी
  20. अपना मालवा — खाऊ-उजाड़ू सभ्यता में
  21. आत्मपरिचय और एक गीत — हरिवंश राय बच्चन
  22. पतंग — आलोक धन्वा
  23. कविता के बहाने और बात सीधी थी पर — कुँवर नारायण
  24. कैमरे में बंद अपाहिज — रघुवीर सहाय
  25. उषा — शमशेर बहादुर सिंह
  26. बादल राग — सूर्यकांत त्रिपाठी निराला
  27. कवितावली और लक्ष्मण-मूर्च्छा और राम का विलाप — तुलसीदास
  28. रुबाइयाँ — फिराक गोरखपुरी
  29. छोटा मेरा खेत और बगुलों के पंख — उमाशंकर जोशी
  30. भक्तिन — महादेवी वर्मा
  31. बाज़ार दर्शन — जैनेंद्र कुमार
  32. काले मेघा पानी दे — धर्मवीर भारती
  33. पहलवान की ढोलक — फणीश्वरनाथ रेणु
  34. शिरीष के फूल — हजारी प्रसाद द्विवेदी
  35. श्रम विभाजन और जाति-प्रथा तथा मेरी कल्पना का आदर्श समाज — भीमराव आंबेडकर
  36. सिल्वर वेडिंग
  37. जूझ
  38. अतीत में दबे पाँव

Physics

  1. Electric Charges and Fields
  2. Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
  3. Current Electricity
  4. Moving Charges and Magnetism
  5. Magnetism and Matter
  6. Electromagnetic Induction
  7. Alternating Current
  8. Electromagnetic Waves
  9. Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
  10. Wave Optics
  11. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
  12. Atoms
  13. Nuclei
  14. Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits

Chemistry

  1. Solutions
  2. Electrochemistry
  3. Chemical Kinetics
  4. The d- and f-Block Elements
  5. Coordination Compounds
  6. Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
  7. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
  8. Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
  9. Amines
  10. Biomolecules

Biology

  1. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
  2. Human Reproduction
  3. Reproductive Health
  4. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
  5. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
  6. Evolution
  7. Human Health and Disease
  8. Microbes in Human Welfare
  9. Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
  10. Biotechnology and its Applications
  11. Organisms and Populations
  12. Ecosystem
  13. Biodiversity and Conservation

Accountancy

  1. Accounting for Partnership: Basic Concepts
  2. Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm: Admission of a Partner
  3. Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm: Retirement/Death of a Partner
  4. Dissolution of Partnership Firm
  5. Accounting for Share Capital
  6. Issue and Redemption of Debentures
  7. Financial Statements of a Company
  8. Analysis of Financial Statements
  9. Accounting Ratios
  10. Cash Flow Statement

Business Studies

  1. Nature and Significance of Management
  2. Principles of Management
  3. Business Environment
  4. Planning
  5. Organising
  6. Staffing
  7. Directing
  8. Controlling
  9. Financial Management
  10. Marketing
  11. Consumer Protection

Economics

  1. Introduction to Microeconomics
  2. Theory of Consumer Behaviour
  3. Production and Costs
  4. The Theory of the Firm under Perfect Competition
  5. Market Equilibrium
  6. Introduction to Macroeconomics
  7. National Income Accounting
  8. Money and Banking
  9. Determination of Income and Employment
  10. Government Budget and the Economy
  11. Open Economy Macroeconomics

History

  1. Bricks, Beads and Bones: The Harappan Civilisation
  2. Kings, Farmers and Towns: Early States and Economies
  3. Kinship, Caste and Class
  4. Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings
  5. Through the Eyes of Travellers
  6. Bhakti–Sufi Traditions
  7. An Imperial Capital: Vijayanagara
  8. Peasants, Zamindars and the State
  9. Colonialism and the Countryside
  10. Rebels and the Raj
  11. Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement
  12. Framing the Constitution: The Beginning of a New Era

Geography

  1. Human Geography: Nature and Scope
  2. The World Population: Distribution, Density and Growth
  3. Human Development
  4. Primary Activities
  5. Secondary Activities
  6. Tertiary and Quaternary Activities
  7. Transport and Communication
  8. International Trade
  9. Data: Its Source and Compilation
  10. Data Processing
  11. Graphical Representation of Data
  12. Spatial Information Technology
  13. Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition
  14. Human Settlements
  15. Land Resources and Agriculture
  16. Water Resources
  17. Mineral and Energy Resources
  18. Planning and Sustainable Development in Indian Context
  19. Transport and Communication
  20. International Trade
  21. Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems

Political Science

  1. The End of Bipolarity
  2. Contemporary Centres of Power
  3. Contemporary South Asia
  4. International Organisations
  5. Security in the Contemporary World
  6. Environment and Natural Resources
  7. Globalisation
  8. Challenges of Nation Building
  9. Era of One-Party Dominance
  10. Politics of Planned Development
  11. India’s External Relations
  12. Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System
  13. The Crisis of Democratic Order
  14. Regional Aspirations
  15. Recent Developments in Indian Politics

Psychology

  1. Variations in Psychological Attributes
  2. Self and Personality
  3. Meeting Life Challenges
  4. Psychological Disorders
  5. Therapeutic Approaches
  6. Attitude and Social Cognition
  7. Social Influence and Group Processes

Sociology

  1. Introducing Indian Society
  2. The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society
  3. Social Institutions: Continuity and Change
  4. The Market as a Social Institution
  5. Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion
  6. The Challenges of Cultural Diversity
  7. Suggestions for Project Work
  8. Structural Change
  9. Cultural Change
  10. The Constitution and Social Change
  11. Change and Development in Rural Society
  12. Change and Development in Industrial Society
  13. Globalisation and Social Change
  14. Mass Media and Communications
  15. Social Movements
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